molecular spectroscopy 

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.08217
Measurement principle of spectroscopy for the study of rotational, vibrational, and electronic transitions of molecules.
Note:
Molecular spectra may be emission or absorption spectra.
Source:
PAC, 2021, 93, 647. 'Glossary of methods and terms used in analytical spectroscopy (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)' on page 649 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0203)