indicator consumption error

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09046
Systematic measurement error from the reaction of a visual indicator with a reactant in a titration.
Notes:
  1. The magnitude and sign of this error depends on the amount of substance of indicator used and the nature of the interaction between the indicator and the analyte.
  2. Indicator consumption error may be expressed as a volume or mass of titrant.
  3. A significant compensation of this error usually takes place because the standardization of the titrant is carried out in similar conditions to the analysis titration.
  4. Indicator consumption error may be estimated by performing a blank titration.
Source:
PAC, 2025, 97, 137. 'Glossary of terms for mass and volume in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2024)' on page 4 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-0903)