Term: carbon ink electrode
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09097

Definition:
Development of a carbon paste electrode that is screen printed using a carbon/polymer mixture of suitable composition.

Notes:
1) These electrodes can easily be chemically modified by the incorporation of reagents (electrocatalysts, redox mediators, complexation agents, enzymes, etc.) and by the attachment of micro- or nanoparticles to prepare electrochemical sensors for analytical applications. See for an example using rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin in an ELISA assay using a carbon ink electrode.
2) Typical composition of a carbon ink expressed as mass fractions is graphite powder \(\pu{60\%}\) and polystyrene \(\pu{40\%}\).

Related Term: electrochemical sensors (http://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09072).
Related Term: carbon paste electrode (http://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09096).

Source: PAC, 2020, 92, 641. 'Terminology of Electrochemical Methods of Analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)' on page 659 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0109)

Citation: 'carbon ink electrode' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09097

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