Term: ground state
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02704

Definition:
The state of lowest Gibbs energy of a system.

Related Terms:
1) excited state (http://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02257).
2) gibbs energy (http://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02629).

Source: PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1118 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)

Citation: 'ground state' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02704

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