Term: total retention volume (time), \(V_{\text{R}}\), \(t_{\text{R}}\)
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06413

Definition:
The volume of mobile phase entering the column between sample injection and the emergence of the peak maximum of the sample component of interest, or the corresponding time. It includes the hold-up volume (time): \[t_{\text{R}}=\frac{V_{\text{R}}}{F_{\text{c}}}\] where Fc is the mobile phase flow rate at column temperature.

Source: PAC, 1993, 65, 819. 'Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993)' on page 841 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365040819)

Citation: 'total retention volume (time), \(V_{\text{R}}\), \(t_{\text{R}}\)' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06413

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