https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01746
A measure of the , called by its originators, is given by: where is in , is in and is in . The so-called normalized scale is defined as:
ionizing power
(loosely polarity
) of a solvent, based on the maximum wavenumber of the longest wavelength
electronic absorption band of: in a given solvent. See also:
Grunwald–Winstein equation
, Z-value