https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05042
Radiant energy, , incident from all upward directions on a small sphere divided by the cross-sectional area of that sphere. SI unit is .
Notes:
- Equivalent definition: Irradiance,
integrated over the time of irradiation. - Mathematical definition:
. If is constant over the area, . If is constant over the time interval, . - This term refers to a beam not scattered or reflected by the target or its surroundings. For a beam incident from all directions fluence (
, ) is an equivalent term.