highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) 

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02823
Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is a pyrolytic graphite with an angular spread of the c-axes of the crystallites of less than 1 degree.
Note:
Commercial HOPG is usually produced by stress annealing at approximately 3300 K.
Source:
PAC, 1995, 67, 473. (Recommended terminology for the description of carbon as a solid (IUPAC Recommendations 1995)) on page 495 [Terms] [Paper]
Citation: 'highly oriented pyrolytic graphite' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02823 RIS BibTex EndNote
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Last revised: February 24, 2014